Driving terms

  1. Absolute speed limit - The maximum or minimum legal speed at which one may
    drive. This speed limit may or may not be posted.

  2. Accident, motor vehicle - Any mishap involving a moving vehicle and resulting in
    death, injury or property damage.

  3. Articulated vehicle - Any motor vehicle with a trailer having no front axle and
    so attached that part of the trailer rests upon the motor
    vehicle and a substantial part of the weight of the trailer
    and of its load is borne by the motor vehicle.

  4. Basic speed limit - Any speed below the absolute limit that is safe for
    existing road, weather or traffic conditions.

  5. Collision - Any crash between motor vehicles or between a motor
    vehicle and another object.

  6. Driving license - A legal document in the form of plastic identification card
    and official receipt issued by LTO authorizing a person to
    drive and operate a specified type of motor vehicle after
    satisfactorily completing and passing the standard
    requirement as categorized either non-professional or
    professional proficiency level.

  7. Defensive driving - Being prepared to handle through any hazardous
    situation caused by other users of the road.

  8. Directional signals - Lights on motor vehicle or hand signals used to indicate
    left and right turns and stops.

  9. Driver - Person with appropriate license to drive or operate motor
    vehicle and transport passengers and loads over
    specified routes or destination.

  10. Professional driver - A person with appropriate driving license restriction code
    who is hired or paid for driving or operating a motor
    vehicle, whether for private use or for hire to the public.

  11. Fare - Refers to the price charged to transport a passenger

  12. Franchised route - Refers to the designated travel route assigned by LTFRB
    (DOTC) to a specific public passenger motor vehicle
    indicating the particular main streets, roads and avenues
    to ply including its limitations and boundaries.

  13. Gross weight - The measured weight of a motor vehicle plus the
    maximum allowable carrying capacity in merchandise,
    freight and/or passengers, as determined by the
    Commission of Land Transportation

  14. Highways - Every public thoroughfare, public boulevard, driveway,
    avenue, park, alley and callejon, but does not include
    roadway upon grounds owned by private persons,
    colleges, universities, or other similar institutions.

  15. Motor vehicle - Any vehicle propelled by any power other than muscular
    power using the public highways, but excepting road
    rollers, trolley cars, street sweepers, sprinklers, lawn
    mowers, bulldozers, graders, fork lifts, amphibian trucks
    and cranes if not used on public highways and vehicles
    run only on rails or tracks and tractors, trailers and
    traction engines of all kinds used exclusively for
    agricultural purposes.

  16. Passenger bus - A public utility vehicle driven on highways that
    carry/transport passengers (usually from 30 above) and
    its cargoes.

  17. Periodic Maintenance Service - The regular servicing prescribed by manufacturer to
    maintain the vehicle’s top performance.

  18. Regulatory signs - Traffic signs that tell what a driver must or must not do
    under penalty of the law.

  19. Restriction Codes 1 and 2 - Driving license restriction set by LTO for
    driving/operating of the following classification of motor
    vehicles:

  20. Restriction Codes 1 and 2 - Motorcycle, motorized tricycles and vehicles up to 4,500
    kgs.GVW

  21. Restriction Code 3 - Vehicles above 4,500 kgs GVW

  22. Restriction Code 4 - Vehicles Automatic Clutch up to 4,500 kgs GVW

  23. Restriction Code 5 - Vehicles Automatic Clutch above to 4,500 kgs GVW

  24. Restriction Code 6 - Articulated Vehicle 1,600kgs GVW and below

  25. Restriction Code 7 - Articulated Vehicle 1,601 up to 4,500 kgs GVW

  26. Restriction Code 8 - Articulated vehicle with 4,501 kilograms and above gross
    vehicle weight

  27. Road Related Accident and Emergency - Refers to unforeseen and unanticipated road happenings
    usually resulted from by driver’s negligence/error,
    abnormal road condition and motor vehicle mechanical
    safety breakdown resulting to grave vehicular accident,
    passenger body injury and damage to property.

  28. Roadway markings - Markings on a pavement separating lanes of travel or
    indicating what a driver may do.

  29. Seat belt - A belt anchored to the vehicle frame. It prevents the
    passengers from being thrown against parts of the
    interior of the vehicle or from the vehicle in the event of a
    collision.

  30. Straight Truck - Any vehicle equipped with 6 up to 12 wheels with no
    pivotal pin.

  31. Traffic - The flow of all motor vehicles and pedestrians along the
    street and the highway

  32. Traffic signal lights - Traffic controls which usually located at intersections to
    regulate traffic flow

  33. Warning signs - Traffic signs that alert drivers to potential hazards ahead